Acids, Enzymes & Additives

Fruit does not always arrive the way you would like it. A hot vintage gives you juice that is flat and low in acid, a cool one gives you the opposite, and enzymes are how you coax colour and aroma out of skins that are holding onto both. This is the adjustment shelf.

For acid, tartaric is the standard addition for grape must because it is the acid grapes already carry, and ours comes from Italy. Malic acid is sharper and greener, available loose and in the Vintners Harvest 100 g pack, while citric acid turns up more often in fruit wines and cider. Brewers reach for the Keg King lactic acid 300 mL solution to bring mash pH down. Ascorbic acid works alongside sulphur to protect whites from browning. On the enzyme side, EnartisZym Aroma MP helps release aroma compounds and Color Plus works on extraction from red skins, while EnartisPro Tinto is a preparation aimed at reds. If a wine is too acidic, calcium carbonate pulls it back. Grape juice concentrate is there for topping up, and the TLC malic acid reference solution is for testing rather than adding.

The practical bit: measure before you adjust, then add in small steps and taste between them. Taking acid out of a wine is far harder than putting it in.

We are happy to walk through it at Laverton North or Epping. See also wine yeasts and nutrients, pH meters and pH strips and finings.

Fruit does not always arrive the way you would like it. A hot vintage gives you juice that is flat and low in acid, a cool one gives you the opposite, and enzymes are how you coax colour and aroma out of skins that are holding onto both. This is the adjustment shelf.

For acid, tartaric is the standard addition for grape must because it is the acid grapes already carry, and ours comes from Italy. Malic acid is sharper and greener, available loose and in the Vintners Harvest 100 g pack, while citric acid turns up more often in fruit wines and cider. Brewers reach for the Keg King lactic acid 300 mL solution to bring mash pH down. Ascorbic acid works alongside sulphur to protect whites from browning. On the enzyme side, EnartisZym Aroma MP helps release aroma compounds and Color Plus works on extraction from red skins, while EnartisPro Tinto is a preparation aimed at reds. If a wine is too acidic, calcium carbonate pulls it back. Grape juice concentrate is there for topping up, and the TLC malic acid reference solution is for testing rather than adding.

The practical bit: measure before you adjust, then add in small steps and taste between them. Taking acid out of a wine is far harder than putting it in.

We are happy to walk through it at Laverton North or Epping. See also wine yeasts and nutrients, pH meters and pH strips and finings.

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